RITES OF PASSAGE



1.	Van Gennep:  Rites of Passage

	Phase 1:		Separation
	Phase 2:		Transition
	Phase 3:		Re-aggregation

2.	Victor Turner: The Ritual Process
	
		Focused on Phase 2 - termed it "liminality"

	Processes involved  a) emergence of communitas, comradeship
			          between initiates
			     b) gnosis - teaching of tribal wisdom
			     c) structure vs anti- structure

			3 levels of meaning for symbol
				 a) exegetic - indigenous interpretation
				 b) operational - how symbols are used
				 c) positional - how symbols relate to
				 other symbols

3.	Creation of Synthetic Ritual

	-The goddess rituals of modern society
	-"Wild man" retreats in the men's movement
	-Appropriation of Native American ceremonials
		-sweat lodges, medicine wheels, etc.


Sources

A. Van Gennep:	Rites of Passage.  London:  Routledge and Kegan Paul
		1904.

V. Turner:	The Ritual Process.  Ithica:  Cornell University Press
		1969.

S.F. Moore and
B. Myerhoff:	Secular Ritual.  Amsterdam:  Van Gorcum 1977.